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The hybrid car makes use of a gas engine. This engine is smaller in weight and size as compared with the standard gas powered cars. It has a separate electric motor to power it. An electric battery is used to store the electrical energy that powers the electric motor.
The hybrid car uses its electric motor when being driven at very low speeds, like in slow moving traffic. If more power is required like climbing a hill or going at a faster speed, then the gasoline engine acts as a secondary source. It also helps in overtaking when more power is required. So effectively the gas engine and electric motor work together.
When the car is stationary, like at a traffic light, both power sources cease to function, so there is no consumption of electricity or gas. When the car is slowing down the motor becomes a generator that generates power for storage in the batteries. So there is little wastage of energy. This is known as regenerative braking.
There is a vast improvement in car mileage since two motive sources are used. The hybrid vehicle can run longer distances using the same quantity of fuel as compared with a gas powered one.
Gas consumption is naturally reduced when the electric motor is used. The engine in a hybrid car is smaller and lighter – hence, it runs more efficiently than a car powered only by a gas engine.
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